Izindawo Zokusebenzisa Imishini Yokudweba Izintambo Yabakhiqizi BaseChina: Ukuxhasa Izidingo Zemboni Yomhlaba Wonke
Abakhiqizi bomshini wokudweba izintambo baseChina bayisihluthulelo embonini yamandla kagesi kanye namandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni wonke, njengoba imishini yabo yakhelwe ukukhiqiza izintambo ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokudlulisa amandla kanye nengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi. Laba bakhiqizi bakhethekile emishinini esebenza ngethusi, i-aluminium, nezintambo ezihlanganisiwe izinto ezibalulekile ezintanjeni zamandla ezinokumelana okuphansi ezisetshenziswa emisebeni, emapulazini omoya nasezinhlelweni zamandla elanga. Ngokwesibonelo, imishini yabo ingadweba izintambo zibe namagajethi aqondile (kusuka ezintanjeni ezijiyile zokudlulisela kuya ezintanjeni ezijwayelekile zokuhambisa) ngenkathi inamathela kumazinga aphesheya (isb., IEC, GB), okwenza kube kuhle kokubili ukuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi yasekhaya yase Abakhiqizi abaningi baseChina banikeza nemishini enziwe ngezifiso ukuze baphathe izintambo ezingamelana nokugqwala zamapulazi omoya asogwini, okwandisa ukubaluleka kwabo emkhakheni wamandla aluhlaza okhula ngokushesha.
Umongo wezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nesayensi yokuthuthukisa yisiseko esibalulekile futhi sengxenye engcwele yezinhlelo zokuphatha imigodolo ezenziwa nguChina, esebenzisa indawo kaChina njengendawo ephathelene ngokuphelele. Lezi zinhlelo zenzela izihlangu ezincane kakhulu ezisetshenziswa emasheleni, izixhumanisi ze IoT, izithuthi ezinamandla, kanye nezixhumanisi zangaphakathi zelaphothophu, ezifana ne-0.01mm. Ngaphandle kwezinhlelo eziphambili, abagcini bezinhlelo zokuphatha imigodolo ezenziwa nguChina bakhetha izinhlelo zabo ukuze bacindeze ukulahlekelwa kwemithombo baze bakwamukele izikhathi ezisheshayo zokwakha—okubalulekile kumasebele wokuthuthukisa okudinga ukushintsha izinhlelo zabo ngokushesha. Izinkampani eziphakeme zasemhlabeni zokuthuthukisa ezingena iziqhamo kumaziphiqala ezenziwa nguChina zafaka ukuxhumana nabagcini baseNingizimu kodwa ngokwenza izilungiso ngasese (isibonelo, ukuguquka phakathi kwe-copper-clad aluminum noma imigodolo yecopper engcwele), ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuzoshintjiswa ngempela emthwebeni wokudweba izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa.
Abakhi magetsi aseChina ayisemthandazo kumkhandlu wokuthutha kwanglobali, ikakhulukazi phakathi komphutha wezinhlekele (EV). Ngoba iChina ilondoloza ukwakha izinhlekele zangempela (ekhathwa ngaphezulu kuka-60% yendawo yangenhlalo), lezi zikhangeli zakhelwa izimboni zokwenza amagetsi ahlelekileyo kubhatereyeni, izimotore, nezinhlelo ezibonakalayo zokunciphisa izinkinga (ADAS) zezinhlekele. Izixhobo zabo zihlakanipha ekugcineni amagetsi anamaphoyinti akhanya (ezinezizinda eziphila emva kokushisa nezinezizinda) ezingcono kuzimpendulo ezithile zokuphepha kwamakhina (ohl. ISO 6722), futhi zingasebenze ngobude bempilo ukuqeqesha izidingo zokwakha kwezinhlekele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi abakhi magetsi aseChina bafakela imigudu yokugcina (ukugcina + ukuphefumula) ukuqondisa ukwakha kwamagetsi, okwenzela ukuthulaswa kohamukelelo lwesilinganiso kumakhampani angaphandle (ohl. BYD, NIO) namakhanda angenhlanga (ohl. Tesla) afuna iziqiniseko zezinhlekele kumasesha aseChina. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa nokuthutha kwezinhlekele kwenza abakhi magetsi aseChina abaholi ababili kakhulu kumgangatho wokunikezela umkhandlu wangempela nangapambilini.
EN
