Izindawo Zokusebenzisa I-Machines Zokudweba Umfanekiso Wesimilo Sokudweba: Ukunakekelwa Okuphelele Kukudweba Imithi Yemithi Engaphansi Kwizinhlanzisela Eziningi
U umhlaba wokwakha kanye nomthutho wokwakha izinto zasekhanda yisiseko sebala lokusebenza kwezinhlayiya zokuthinta izwire zezilimi, esebenzisa imfuno eyiqiniso ngemikhumbi enzululwane, emihle. Kukhiqizwa, lezi zinhlayiya zihlawula izwire zamakhanda amancane ukuba yizwire zokugcina kwamathambo (kumagugu, izindlu, izimbambazane) nezinhlayiyeli zezwire (kukhomba komthambo, izibhamu zomphanga)—indlela yazo yokuthinta ngelilungeleli ibe yinkimbinkimbi efanayo nesilinganiso sesilinganiso, okubaluleke kakhulu ekulondolozweni kwezimali ezikhethekileyo. Kukhiqizwa kwamathuli, zihlukanisa izwire zomthi, zokupha, noma zezilumene ukuze kutholakale izinto encane njengezilonda, izikrushi, nezihluzi zezwire: ukulawula kwebhodi yokunqamula kwezinhlayiya kuthintela ukuthi izwire azigayi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zokukhiqizwa zihlala ziyingxenye futhi zifanele izidingo zokuhlangana. Amakhaya okukhiqizwa amakhulu nokukhiqizwa kwamathuli ancamncane ayisebenzisa lezi zinhlayiya—izinhlayiya ezincane zihandlenza ukuchitha kwezwire ezincane, kodwa izinhlayiya ezinezimali zihlanzelela ukukhiqizwa okusheshayo kwezwire ezinkulu, futhi zibe yizingcindezi ezibalulekile kule ndawo.
U umndini wamandla nezinhlelo zedijithali iqhathanisa kakhulu ezimboni zomshinelwane wokuthinta uhlelo olulula ukwakha izihlwire eziphumezelayo, ezincane. Lezi zinhlelo zihweba izihlwire zamandla okanye amanzi anqunywe kuze kube yizihlwire eziphansi kakhulu (ezinconyelene nge-0.01mm) ezisetyenziswa kumacable mandla (kumahlaza endlini, ukulawula kwamandla embangalungu), iindlela zokwenza i-electronic (kwi-resistors, i-capacitors), kunye ne-windings yemotore (kwiindlela zasekhaya njengefridge, i-washing machine). Uhlelo olulula lwesihlwire lulahlela ukugaya kwehlelo, liphinde iphrothikhi ekupheleni ibe yehlile kwaye inolawulo olusemthethweni—olibaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni ukungena kwamandla kwaye ukulungiselela ukuba kuhlale ishorti kwi-electronics. Kwi-electronics ezineziko eliphezulu (njenge-smartphones, i-laptops), le zinhlelo zihweba futhi izihlwire zamandla ezithintayo (ezithunyazwe ngotini ukuze zilindele ukucaywa), zifanele izimo ezibopheleleyo zombuso ngokunciphisa nomdla. Ngokuthi umba we-electronics uphila phambili kwiindlela ezincane kakhulu, ezineempawu ezinkulu, ubuyelo bezigaba ezilula zokuthinta uhlelo bezihlwire ezilula bakhuphukala.
Amathuthuka amakhubazekayo emandla ephezulu phakelisa isilinganiso sebukeko lomshayeli wamathulini odlula ngokuphambene, ukusebenzisa inkinga yakhe yokuphatha izimboni ezikhulu kanye nezinhleli ezithile. Kwi-industri yesithuthi, zibanza izwire yeziloyi (umzekelo, izwire zamathambo amabili angaphansi komthambo weziloyi) zokubamba, izwire zokulungisa isihlalo, kanye nezinhleli zomgcindezo—lezi zwire zidinga ukuziphatha nokukhathazeka okunembuzi, okushiywe nguindlela yokudweba eyaziwayo yomshayeli. Indlustri yezempilo iyisebenzisa ukwenza izwire ezingenakho inkohlaka (umzekelo, izwire zethitanjiamu, izwire zenitinoli) zezixhobo zokuphakela (iinikili, iiforipesi) kanye nezinto ezifakelwayo (iistenti zentliziyo, izwire zokulungiswa kwesibindi): umsebenzi obucala kakhulu wemashini kanye nokulawula kahle kwebavi yobude buqinisekisa ukulingana ngezigaba zempilo (umzekelo, ISO 13485). Ngaphezu koko, induli yesipho sendalo isebenzisa ukuphatha izwire ezilula kakhulu kodwa ezikhulu kakhulu (umzekelo, izwire zethitanjiamu) zezinyeke zokulawula yomthambo, apho kusidanga kancinci kokuphazanyiswa kwezwire kungabangela ingcinga emehlweni. Le miqondiso ethile ibonisa indima yomshayeli ekwenzayo ekuxhaseni imindu engcono, emva kwezenzo eziphathelene ngetechnology.
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