Indima Yokuphatha Isikhalazo Sokuchitha Emiseni Yokuqala Yomkhakha Wokufaka

Izikhathi Zokuchitha Ezinkulu Kwi-Machine Yokufaka Umkhakha Wokufaka

Ukuphatha okuphelele kwezikhathi zokuchitha kuyasebenza kuwo wonke amaphasi okwakha umkhakha isixhobo sokhula ithayiphi yezimpahla ezimbhalo . Ngaphandle kwezindlela zokufaka ezingcono, ukufaka umkhakha kufuna ukuphatha isikhalazo sokuchitha ngokuhlanganisa kuzonke izikhathi ezithathu ethembekile—ngokungafani kwezindlela zokufaka, ngokugcina isikhalazo sokuchitha kuzonke izikhathi ezithathu ezithembekile, ngokugcina isikhalazo sokuchitha kuzonke izikhathi ezithathu ezithembekile.

Isikhathi Sokufaka: Ukuphatha Ukuvulwa Kwemvelo Ne-Initial Film Formation

Umlilo wempolimha uyaphuma kwe-die futhi uyadlula ukwenza lo bukuhle obubizwa ngokuthi web yefilm. Uma izintemperetsha zihlukana ngaphezulu kune-1 degree Celsius noma ngaphansi, kuyabeka ubudlela bezinkulungwane zibhalwe, okungaba yizinkinga zokugcina izinkinga zokugcina (gauge bands) noma izinkinga ezengeziwe njenge-sharkskin esikhundleni. Ukuphatha izintemperetsha ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izinyathelo zomphakathi we-die lip kubalulekile ngoba kusobala ukuthi umlilo uyasebenza ngokulinganayo. Lokhu kusiza ekuphatsweni kokuphatha konke ngokuphelele xa siphatha isithuthi. Kufanele sibheke ukuthi umlilo usibe ngaphezulu kwezingu-5 degrees kumkhakha wokusobala kwepolimha, ngakho-ke sifuna ukuthi sibe phakade kwezinkinga zokuproducwa emuva.

Indawo Yemvume Yehhawa: Ukuphatha Ukusobala Kwesithuthi Nokuphatha Kokuphatha Kweweb

Indawo ephakathi kwe-die exit ne-chill roll yisikhundla sokuthi izinto ziyabona ukuthi zingabi ngezinye izinkinga kumaterial yefilm. Kuyaphela kakhulu lapha ngelishwa ngokuphakama kwezinye isithunzi. Ukuchitha okuncane kwezinkambo ezimbili phakathi kwezinye izihlangothi nezentloko kungasiza ukuthi kubhekwe izinkinga njenge-curling kwezihlangothi, ukungatholakali kwenkambo lapho kufakwa emaphakathini, nokuguqulwa kwesikhundla sokuzimisa kungenzeka kusuka ku-8%. Ngalesi simo, abalawuli abaningi baphatha amasistimu we-infrared manje. Lezi zinhlelo ziyagcina ukuphela njengoba kufanele ukuze kugcinwe izintemperatura ngendibano yezinkambo ezimbili kanye nezinkambo zombili kwezinye izihlangothi zomaterial. Ukugcina ukukhokhela kahle akuyiyo kuphela ukuthi kuyisifundo esihle kodwa kuyisifundo esibalulekile kakhulu ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kunezindlela zokuthola iziphumo ezifanayo ngaphandle kokuthi izinkinga zokuzimisa zizimele kubonakala kwalokho okugcina.

Chill Roll & Take-Up Zone: Ukugcina Kwesikrystalu Sokugcina Futhi Ukutholakala Kwesikhundla

Kodwa izinkulungwane zizokhupha kumshini wokuchitha okubhekene nentempelature, kuzokhupha amamolekyuli ukuthi azihlale kusuka kuzohamba futhi kuzobeka isithakazelo sakho sesikhala. Ukuthi intempelature yomshini wokuchitha ibe yinto ephambili ngokwezinye izingu-1.5°C kuyisibonelo esikhulu ngoba ngaphandle koko sizokhula izinkinga zokushintsha kokushintsha okungafanani. Noma ke umzekelo we-PET film, inokushintsha ngaphezu kwesibini ngokwezinye izingu-0.8% ngalenyanga yokuqondana nokuthi iphi indawo yokukhupha ngokwezinye izingu-1 ngokwesayithi ye-ISO 1183-2. Ukuthi intempelature ibe yinto ephambili kakhulu kusiza ukukhulula izinkinga zokushintsha kanye nokushintsha kokushintsha okungafanani kwezinkulungwane. Isiphumo siyokuba sibe yinto eyahlala yisibonelo sokuhlala kahle kwezinhlobo ngokwezinye izingu-0.1% okunokubhekana ngokwesibonelo esikhulu kodwa kufanele sibekwe emsebenzini wokwenza izifilm zokubhala okungafanani okufanele kubhekana nezindlela zokusebenzisa njenge-themoforming noma ukubhala izilayiya eziningi kusukela kusukela.

Ukuthi intempelature iyathinta njani izivinini esikhundleni sezifilm zokubhala esikhundleni

Iziqu zokuhlala kwezinkulungwane kanye nokuthi kuyathinta njani ukuthi isikrini sikhululeka (±0.8% ngalenyanga yokuqondana nokuthi iphi indawo yokukhupha ngokwezinye izingu-2°C)

Ukuchaphazeka kwezintemperatura kubhekisa ngqo emfanekisweni wokukhanya kwezinkulungwane. Ukuchaphazeka okungaphezu kwe-±2°C kuthinta ukuthi kubhekise kwezinkulungwane kuzo zonke iziqu, kubuye kubuyisa izindlela zokususa amandla futhi kubuye kubuyisa ubukhulu bezinye zezinye ngokugcina kwe-±0.8% ngokuguqula kwe-2°C—kubonakalwe kumabhalo olimini olwamukekileyo olwesikhathi sokukhanya kwezinkulungwane. Kulezi zinto zokufaka amandla nezinto zokuvimbela i-EMI, lokhu kuhlela:

• Ukuthinteka kwezinto zokuvimbela , ngokuba akukho ukubhekisa kweziqu zokukhanya kwezinkulungwane
• Ukuphatha kwezinto zokufaka amandla , ngokubhekisa kweziqu zokufaka amandla/ezinye zezinye
• Ukuphatha kwezinto zokusebenza kusukela emuva , ikakhulu ngokusebenza kwezinkulungwane noma kwezinto zokufaka amandla

Iziqu zokubona ezibhekiswe kuzo zintemperatura zokusebenza: ukubheka kweziqu, ukungafani kweziqu, nokuphula kweziqu

Izindlela zokuchitha okungafanani zikhipha izinhlobo zezimboni zemolekyuli ezisiza kwezinhlobo zokubona ezingavunyelwa. Ukusobala kushesho phansi kwamaphuzu amahle akhuthaza izindawo ezingasobali, kubhekisa isibonelo kumaphuzu amancane emicron. Lokhu kubeka umkhakha ngaphezu kwe-15 NTU futhi kunciphisa ukufanana kwe-gloss ngaphezu kwe-30 GU (ASTM D2457). Izindlela zokuphula eziphambili ziyinkulungwane:

• Izinhlobo zemikhakha yomphakathi , kubhekisa izindlela zokugcina okungafanani
• Ukubhaka kwemboni ngaphakathi , kucaciswa uma ubukhulu bakwesilika kunciphisa ngaphezu kwe-40%
• Ukulingana kwe-index yekhishini , phakathi kwezincwadi zemashini nezincwadi zokugcina ngaphandle kwezincwadi
  Ukuqiniseka kokuhlanganisa kwechill-roll nokuhlelwa kwezinhlobo zewair-knife kusobala izindlela zokusobala futhi kuzimisa lezi zinhlobo zokuphula.

Izindlela Zokuphatha Isimo Sokuchitha Ngokushesha Kwezinkulungwane Zokudrawa Kwemifanekiso Yemaphuzu Yemaphuzu

Ukusebenza ngemigqa engaphezu kwe-120 m/min iyisikhumbuzo sokuchitha esihle kakhulu. Izinguquko zokuchitha ezincinci njengokuthi 2°C kungasiza ukuguqula ukuphatha kwezinye ngokuphakeme noma ngokuphansi ngaphezu kwe-0.8%, okuyisidingo sokuphatha ngokushesha kusukela kwezinkulungwane zokusebenza ngokuphelele.

Ukukhokha Kwesikhathi Semhla Kwezinkinga Zokuhambisana Kwemithambo Yezindawo Zokuhlakazeka Ngokwesikhathi

Izithombe zokuhlakazeka ngokwesibhakabhaka nezinhlobo zezinkampani ezihlakazekayo zifaka imininingwane kumakhontrola amaningi okuhlanganisa izindawo zokuhlakazeka nezindawo zokuhlakazeka ngokuphambuka. Izivakaliso zokuziphatha zizobala ukuthi ukuhlakazeka kuyaphambuka ukuze kubhekwele izinguquko eziphambuka ngokuthi kubhekwa kwezindawo. Le ndlela yokusebenzisa i-PID iyabamba ukuthi ukuhambisana kwesikhathi kuyaphakanyiswa ngokulinganayo ±0,5°C—ukunqoba izinguquko zokubhakabhaka okuzosindisa ukuthi kubhekelwe isibhakabhaka futhi kubhekelwe ukuthi kungabi nesibhakabhaka esingasindisi, ngakho-ke kubhekwa ukuthi ukubhakabhaka kuyaphakanyiswa.

Ukubalansha Ukushaya Kwesikhathi (≥120 m/min) Nokuthi Kufanele Kuhambisane Ngokulinganayo Ukuthi Kufanele Kuhambisane Ngokulinganayo

Ukuphakanyiswa kokushaya kuyavutha ukuthi ukuhlakazeka kuyahlanza ngokuphambuka, ikakhulu emaphakathini wemithambo. Isidingo sokubalansha sisebenza ngamathegi amathathu athi aphakanyiswe ngokuhambisana:

Izinhlelo zama-2020 zihlanganisa ukuphatha kweziqu zokuchitha kwezintemperatura kanye nokuphatha kweziqu zokuchitha kwezintemperatura, kubuye kubuyisa ukuthi kubhekise kwe-20% ngokuphatha kwezintemperatura kungaphezu kwe-±0.8% yobukhulu bezinye zezinye—kubuye kubuyisa ubukhulu bezinkulungwane kanye nokubhekisa kweziqu.

Imibuzo eyadluliselwe ngamashini okukhanya kwezincwadi zezinkulungwane

Umbuso wokuphakamisa ubukhulu kwezinkulungwane zokudrawa kwemifanekiso yezinkulungwane zokudla kuyini?

Umbuso wokuphakamisa ubukhulu kwezinkulungwane zokudrawa kwemifanekiso yezinkulungwane zokudla kuyi-ukuthintana kwezinkulungwane, ukuvikela ukuthi izinto ziyisibonelo esifanayo, ukuthintana kwezinhlobo zokubeka, nokuthola isiphumo esihle.

Kungani ukuphakamisa ubukhulu ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izindawo zokugcina kuyisisekelo?

Ukuphakamisa ubukhulu ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izindawo zokugcina kuyisisekelo ukungavikeli izibandlana zokubeka nezinkinga zomfanekiso wokugcina njengezinkinga zokugcina kwezinkulungwane futhi ukuvikela ukuthi umsindo uyisibonelo esifanayo ngokudlula.

Ukuphakamisa ubukhulu ngokuphelele kuyakwenza kanjani ukuthi umfanekiso uyisibonelo esihle?

Ukuchaphazeka kwezintemperatura kuthinta ubukhulu befilimu ngokubangela izigaba zokukhanya, ukuguqula ukuphakanyiswa kwesifunda sokugcina, nokuhlinzeka kokusebenza kwezinkampani zokugcina, ubukhulu bekusenzo kwezinhlayiya, nokubaluleka kwezinhlayiya.

Iziphene zokubona eziphakathi zokugcina kuzinini?

Iziphene zokubona eziphakathi zokugcina ziyinkimbinkimbi eziningi, ukungafani kwezihlangothi, nokungafani kwezihlangothi, okunqamuka kakhulu ngemithombo yezinhlayiya zokugcina nokuguqula kwezinhlayiya zokugcina.

Izisitemu zama-21 zihlela kanjani ukuthenga nokubaluleka kwezinhlayiya?

Izisitemu zama-21 zihlela ukuthenga nokubaluleka kwezinhlayiya ngokusebenzisa ukulawula kwemikhumbi yokuchitha ngokuzenzakalelayo nokulawula kwezinhlayiya zokuchitha ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukubalansisa izivinini nezinhlayiya zokugcina ukuze kubhekwe ukuthenga kwezinhlayiya.